Adoption is a legal procedure whereby a child legally becomes the child of the adoptive parents, with the termination of the bond with the biological parents.
What does adoption entail?
Adoption means that a child acquires the same rights as a biological child of the adoptive parents. This includes:
- Equal rights and duties as a biological child
- Termination of the legal bond with the original parents
- Possibility to assume the surname of the adoptive parents
- Succession law claims on the assets of the adoptive parents
Types of adoption
| Category | Description |
|---|---|
| International adoption | Adoption of a child from another country |
| Domestic adoption | Adoption of a child within the Netherlands |
| Stepparent adoption | Adoption of the partner's child |
| Adoption of an adult | Adoption of a person of full age |
Conditions for adoption
Dutch legislation sets clear requirements for adoption:
- Adoptive parents must be at least 18 years older than the child
- The child is generally a minor, with exceptions
- The child must have lived with the adoptive parents for at least 1 year
- Adoption must be clearly in the best interests of the child
- No future bond with the biological parents may be expected
Steps in the adoption procedure
- Information and preparation phase (for international adoption via Stichting Adoptievoorzieningen)
- Submission of a petition to the court, such as the District Court of The Hague
- Investigation by the Child Care and Protection Board
- Hearing by the judge of all parties involved, including children from 12 years old
- Ruling by the judge on the adoption
Required consent
Consent is required for adoption from:
- The biological parents (if they have parental authority)
- The child, if 12 years or older
- The partner of the adoptive parent (if applicable)
Can single persons adopt?
Yes, in the Netherlands adoption by single persons is permitted. For international adoption, however, additional requirements may apply from the country of origin.Is it possible to reverse an adoption?
In very exceptional cases, an adoption can be revoked. This requires a request from the child or the adoptive parents and a judicial decision based on exceptional circumstances.Does the child maintain contact with the biological parents?
This varies per case. In open adoption, contact remains possible, whereas in closed adoption this is not the case. Open adoption is becoming increasingly common.Frequently asked questions about adoption in Rijswijk
How long does an adoption process take on average?
An adoption procedure usually takes between 6 and 12 months, depending on the type. International adoption can take longer due to additional international steps. The proceedings at the District Court of The Hague often take several months, partly due to the investigation by the Child Care and Protection Board. Ensure complete documentation to avoid delays.
What does adoption cost in the Netherlands?
Costs vary by type of adoption. Domestic adoption costs approximately €1,500 to €5,000 for legal and investigation procedures. International adoption can amount to €10,000–€30,000 due to travel and translation costs. Stepparent adoption is around €1,000–€3,000. Inquire with the Child Care and Protection Board or an adoption agency for current costs.
Can I adopt if I already have my own children?
Yes, that is possible. The law does not limit the number of children in a family, but the Child Care and Protection Board assesses whether adoption is in the interests of all children and whether the family has sufficient capacity. Involve your own children in the process to gauge their support.
What if biological parents do not give consent?
If biological parents with parental authority do not give consent, the court may dispense with it. This only happens in cases of serious neglect or if the child has lived with the adoptive parents for a long time. The child's best interests take precedence, but opposition can delay the procedure.
Does the child automatically get the surname of the adoptive parents?
No, this is a choice. In the petition, you can indicate whether the child will take the surname of the adoptive parents or retain the original name.
Contact and support in Rijswijk
For legal advice on adoption, you can go to the Juridisch Loket Rijswijk. Adoption cases are handled by the District Court of The Hague, the appellate district for Rijswijk.